SFW40438_108

Mokhalef

Track Artist Hoseyn Qavami and Ali Tajvidi
Notes Hoseyn Qavami sings lyrical verse from the 19th-century poet Neshat Esfahani. Ali Tajvidi provides violin accompaniment. Between the 1940s and 1970s, the violin was popular in Iranian classical music, but during the last two decades of the 20th century it almost totally disappeared in favor of the kamanche.

This piece is played in the scale of mokhalef, a melodic mode subsidiary to segah, and one of the twelve large collections of traditional Persian classical-music modes (dastgah). It contains several three-quarter-tone intervals. Scales with three-quarter-tone intervals create a clear musical boundary between the Middle East, where they dominate, and Central Asia, where they are rare. (During, Levin 2001)
Country(s) Iran
Culture Group(s) Iranian
Instrument(s) Violin; Vocals
Language(s) Persian
Duration 3:13

The Silk Road: A Musical Caravan

Various Artists SFW40438

What if Marco Polo had owned a tape recorder? And what if his epic travels along the Silk Road had taken place not at the end of the 13th century, but at the beginning of the 21st? Far-fetched conjectures to be sure, but our compilation The Silk Road: A Musical Caravan offers a glimpse of the rich musical life that an intrepid and curious traveler like Marco Polo might find in the lands of the Silk Road today (During, Levin 2001).

Country(s) Afghanistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; China; Hong Kong; Iran; Japan; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Russia; Tajikistan; Turkey; Uzbekistan
Culture Group(s) Bukharan; Iranian; Azerbaijani; Kazakh; Armenian; Uzbek; Japanese; Kyrgyz; Chinese; Kyzyl; Mongolian; Khakas; Kara-kalpak; Yomud; Tajik; Alevi; Uighur
Instrument(s) ; Bâlâbân; Chatkhan; Cymbals; Daf; Dambura; Dham duduk; Dhol; Dömbra; Drum; Duduk; Dutâr; Ensemble leader; Folk ensemble; Ghijak; Gong; Guqin; Kamanche; Komuz; Morin khuur; Ney ; Pipa; Qaval; Qylqobyz; Rebab(Afghanistan); Rebâb, plucked; Santur; Satar; Sato; Saz; Shakuhachi; Shang-qobyz; Sheng; Suona; Sybyzghy; Tanbur ; Tar; Temir-qobyz; Violin; Vocals; Vocals, group; Zarb; Zirbaghali
Language(s) Armenian; Azerbaijani; Chinese; Iranian; Japanese; Kara-kalpak; Kazakh; Khakas; Kyrgyz; Mongolian; Persian; Tajiki; Turkish; Turkmen; Uyghur; Uzbek
Year of Release 2002
Record Label Smithsonian Folkways Recordings
Source Archive Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage
Credits Liner Notes by Yo-Yo Ma ; Liner Notes by Jean During ; Liner Notes by Ted Levin ; Produced in collaboration with Silk Road Project, Inc. ; Produced by Jean During ; Produced by Ted Levin ; Mastered by Jean-Claude Chabin ; Mastered by Pete Reiniger ; Liner Notes by Shayna Silverstein

Download Liner Notes

101	Mahur	Dariush Safvat and Bruno Caillat	3:11
102	Fakhri Havasi	Edalat Nasibov	3:50
103	Balbyraun	Aygul Ulkenbaeva	1:25
104	Dance of Tamir Agha	Gevorg Dabaghian, Grigor Takushian, and Kamo Khatchuaturian	2:30
105	Dilkash	Elshan Mansurov	3:39
106	Uchun Dur	Jurabek Nabiev, Shuhrat Nabiev, Shavkat Nabiev, and Abdurahim Hamidov	4:20
107	Choban Bayati	Malik Mansurov and Mahmud Salah	1:52
108	Mokhalef	Hoseyn Qavami and Ali Tajvidi	3:13
109	Shushtari	Hasan Kasa'i	4:08
110	Itsuki no Komoriuta	Kojiro Umezaki	2:50
111	Ker-Tolgoo	Samara Tokhtakunova	2:57
112	Xiao Yue Er Gao	Wu Man	2:20
113	Jiu Kuang	Yao Bingyan	2:19
114	Kharagay	Sabjilar	3:27
115	Ilme	Aygul Ulkenbaeva	2:13
116	The Gallop of Jonon Khar	Baterdene	2:19
117	The Nightingale	Ruslan Jumabaev	2:01
118	The River Herlen	Khongorzul and Baterdene	4:04
119	Nava	Turgun Alimatov	3:51
120	Woy Bala	Nur Mahammat Tursun	2:16
121	Meskin II	Abdurahim Hamidov and Shuhrat Razzaqov	2:45
122	Ufar-e Bayat	Barno Is'hakova, Rama Narkalaev, Sultanali Khudaberdiev, and Zakir-jan Yuusov	3:54
123	Chabbiyat Tazi Marghul	Uyghur Muqam Ensemble	3:29
124	Shawm and percussion band from Southern Liaoning	Gongxiao Dasha Ensemble	2:49
201	Jew's harp melody	Edil Huseinov	1:49
202	Khai	Evgeni Ulugbashev	2:11
203	Tepen Kök	Kelek Kumaqay-olu	1:19
204	Kögmen	Sabjilar	3:21
205	Excerpt from Alpamish Epic	Jaule Bakhshi	3:32
206	Beyish Namasi	Qalbeke Uzaqbergenova	2:29
207	Terme	Almas Almatov	3:38
208	Lament	Dordi Torik and Rahman Qilich Yomudi	4:49
209	Masq-e Javanan	Sirajoddin Juraev	2:49
210	Kuu	Nurlanbek Nishanov	1:21
211	Sanam	Abdurashid Nadirev and Abdughani Tukhtiev	4:38
212	Charzarb	Abdullah, Isma'il, and Davlat Nazriev	3:53
213	Mizghan-i Siyah	Muhammud Rahim Takhary, Faqir Muhammad, Bahauddin, and Malang Nejrabi	3:28
214	Love song	Asheq, Sohrab, and Ibrahim Hasan	3:38
215	Qara Olu	Edil Huseinov	2:04
216	Kertolghau	Sayan Aqmoldaev	2:21
217	Dargilik	Ensemble from Khorog	3:32
218	Madh	T. Soltan Qalebov and S. Tawarov	4:25
219	Zikr	Naqshbandi Afaqi Brotherhood	3:45
220	Kyrgyz Wisdom Song	Akil Sekebaev	2:31
221	Allah Madad	Abdollah Sarvar and M. Salar Ahmadi	3:22
222	Alevi Song	Ashiq Faizullah Chinar	4:05
223	Sufi Hymn	Jarrahi Dervishes and others	4:38

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